Loom for weaving double-pile fabrics.



G. F. HUTCHINS & H. LE noux. LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9, I9I7- 1 9@5 Patented May 7, I918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I G. F. HUTCHINS & H. LE DOUX. LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE FILE FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. I917.

Patented May 7, 1918.

3 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

G. F. HUTCHINS & H. LE DOUX.

LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. I91].

1 %65,U@%w Patented May 7, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

oooaoooo 00000000000 00'' dziarw-r w GEORGE F. H'UTCHINS AND HECTOR- LE DOUX, 0F WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS,

ASSIGNORS TO CROMPTON & KNOWLES LOOIVI WORKS, 0F WORCESTER, MASSA- CHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

' 1400M FOR WEAVING- DOUBLE-PTLE FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May T, 11911.

Application filed February 9, 1917. Serial No. 147,691.

To all whom it may concern: 4

Be it known that we, Gnonen FJlHoronms and HECTOR LE Doox, citizens of the United States, both residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Loom for Weaving Double-Pile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a loom for weaving double pile fabrics, the loom being particularly designed for the manufacture of cocoa fiber door mats. The material from which such anats are manufactured is peculiarly stifi' and unwieldy and special constructions have been found necessary in order to successfully weave such material in power looms.

The general object of our invention is to improve the construction of looms of the class described, combining simplicity of mechanism with increased eiliciency of operation.

With this general object in view, one feature of our invention relates to the provision of special mechanism and a novel method of operation by which material of the nature above described may be more efiectively beaten up to form a satisfactory fabric, with articular reference to the for: mation of a rm selvage thereon.

Another feature of our invention relates to the provision of improved mechanism for positively actuatin the shuttles so that they will follow a pre etermined but irregular cycle of movements.

A further feature of our invention relates to the provision of mechanism for positively' actuating the lay in an irregular manner so that it may cooperate with the irregular movements of the shuttles.

Our invention further relates to certain devices, arrangements, and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described and more articularly pointed out in the appended c aims.

specific form of our lllVQl'ltlOn and a modification thereof are shown in the drawings in which,

Figure 1 is a front elevat1on of one form of our improved loom, parts of the frame being shown in section, the view being taken substantially on the line 1--1 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 2' is a transverse VEl'hlCttl sectional view taken on the line 22 in Fig. 1;

Figs. 4: and 5 are an elevation and a top plan vlew respectively of the mechanism for releasing the shuttles from their plungers;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a type of fabric for the. weaving of which this form of our invention is especially adapted;

Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the fabric as it would appear if certain of our improvements were omitted from the loom;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged longitudinal section of the fabric;

Fig. 9 is a front elevation of a modified form of our invention;

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the cams for actuating the lay in this form of our invention, and

Fig. 11 is a section of the fabric to be woven thereon.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 8, the loom is provided with the usual frame 10 supporting the rock shaft 11 upon which the lay 12 is pivotally supported by the swords 13. The lay 12 carriesthe usual reed 14 and hand rail 15. A pair of positively operated shuttles 16 are movably mounted upon the lay, said shuttles being detachably connected to plungers 17 by which they may be reciprocated. The plungers 1 7 are secured at their rear ends to a head18 slidably mounted on the lay, the plungers being supported intermediate their ends upon guide rolls 19.

A flexible driving member or chain 2O has its two ends secured to the sliding head 18, the portion of the chain intermediate the ends passing around a plurality of guide pulleys 21 and also encircling a pulley 22 with which the chain has positive driving engagement. The pulley 22 is rotatable upon a fixed stud or shaft 23 and. is provided with a pinion 24: meshing with a segment gear 25 pivoted to the loom frame at 26. The mechanism for angularly moving the segment gear 25 and thereby reciprocating the shuttles will be hereinafter described.

The main driving shaft 30 is supported in suitable hearings in the loom frame and is rotated at constant speed by any suitable driving mechanism (not shown). The lay is reciprocated by connecting rods 31 piroted at one end to the lay swords and at the opposite end to upwardly extending arms forming a part of and movable with a shaft 30. The cam 35 operating through bars 51.

the cam roll 34 is effective to force the lay forward, the rearward movement of the lay being largely caused by heavy springs 38 connected at one end to the lay swords 13 and at their rear ends to brackets 38 mount ed upon the loom frame.

As the stiff nature of the material to be woven causes a tendency for the reed 14 to bind after the filling has been beaten up,

the cam 37 is provided to positively start the lay and reed rearwardly atthe beginning of its backward stroke, the movement being thereafter controlled by the cam 35 and the roll 34, the roll being kept in close engagement with the cam by the springs 38.

The shaft 30 carries a beveled gear 40 meshing with a similar gear 41 mounted upon a forwardly extending shaft 42. An intermittent gear 43 is fixed to the shaft 42, said gear meshing with and driving an intermit ent pinion 44 rotatable upon a fixed stud 40. The pinion 44 carries a crank arm 46 having a crank pin 47 to which is pivotally connected a horizontally extending rod 48. At its right hand end the rod 48 is pivotally and adjustably connected to the segment gear 25 previously described.

The warp from which the fabric is woven comprises a plurality of pile warps P, binder warps B, and selvage warps S. These warps are taken from spools carried by a creel (not shown) and are controlled by harnesses H operated in the usual manner by any suitable harness mechanism (not shown). A plurality of horizontally extending separator bars 49 are supported at their front ends upon a cross beam 50, said bars extending rearwardly between the upper and lower pile fabrics and being supported at their rear ends by vertically extending fixed The bars 49 are provided with openings 52 intermediate their ends through which a knife 53 may be reciprocated by any suitable mechanism (not shown) to cut the pile and separate the two portions of the double pile fabrics.

The upper fabric is thereafter carried around the take up roll 54 and guide roll 55 and the lower fabric around the take-up. roll 56 and guide roll 57, the fabrics being thereafter disposed of in any' convenient manner.

To permit the periodical engagement and disengagement of each plunger 17 with its shuttle 16, I provide the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Each plunger 17 is provided with a fiat arrow-shaped head 60 having a recess 61 positioned for engagement by a hook 62 pivoted at 63 in the end of the shuttle 16. The hook is yieldingly held in engagement with the head 60 by a spring 64 engaging the inner side of the rear arm of the hook. The front side of said arm is engaged by a relatively weaker fiat spring 65 mounted in the outer side of the shuttle.

As the lay comes forward on the beatup, the fiat spring 65 is engaged by a springpressed roller 66, which overcomes the spring 64 and thus releases the plunger 17.

The roll 66 may be mounted on the breast beam orother fixed part of the loom. Other suitable devices for engaging and releasing the shuttle may be substituted if desirable.

Having thus described the construction of the essential features of one form of our invention, we will now describe its peculiar method of operation, starting with the shuttles in the position shown in Fig. 1.

In this position the pile and binder warps extend from the fabric to the harnesses as shown in Fig. 2. The intermittent pinion 44 is then given a partial revolution by the continuous rotation of the intermittent gear 43, causing the crank 46 to swing the segment gear 25 toward the left, thus movin the shuttles together through the sheds to the intermediate dotted line position designated at 16' in Fig. 1. In this position the shuttles are beyond the selvage but are not in their final. positions in the shuttle boxes. Vhile the shuttles are held in this position with the plungers 17 and the freshly inserted wefts or fillings in position within the sheds, the lay 12 is moved forward by the engagement of the cam roll 34 with the projection 35 on the cam 35 as shown in Fig. 3. In this operation the lay is not brought to its extreme forward position but is moved far enough forward to force the pile and binder warps to the approximate position which they occupy in the finished fabric. as also clearly shown in Fig.

The lay is then moved rearwardly a short distance or until the roll 34 engages the concentric portion 35 of the cam 35. \Vhile the lay remains in this position the intermittent pinion 44 is caused to complete its full revolution, such movement of the pinion moving the segment gear 25 to its extreme left hand position and thereafter returning the segment gear to its initial right hand position.

As the car 25 reaches its extreme left hand position, the shuttles are fully inserted in the shuttle boxes as indicated at 16 and at the same time the plnngers are disengaged from the shuttles. Therefore on the return movement of the gear 25 the plungers only- Fifi eonoea The'supplemental movement of the shuttles to their final position is particularly designed to draw the filling tightly through the shed after the pile and binder warps have been forced into approximately their final position. In this way we are enabled to secure a firm and satisfactory selvage' as shown in Fig. 6, whereas if this supplemental movement were not provided, the filling would form open loops at the right hand edge of the fabric as indicated in Fig. 7 these open loops absolutely preventing the formation of a firm and tightly woven selvage.

The cam roll 34 thereafter engages the projection 35 upon the cam 35, this projection being somewhat greater than the projection 35 and forcing the lay 12 to its extreme forward or beatlng-up position. The cam roll 34 is then forced backward until it engages the smaller concentric portion 35 of the cam 35, the lay 12 then occupying its extreme rear position as shown in Fig. 2. During the final forward movement of the lay and its subsequent withdrawal, a part of the harnesses are shifted to carry certain of the binder warps to the opposite shed, the pile warps however remaining in the same position.

At the commencement of the rearward movement one of the cam surfaces or projections upon the cam 37 engages the roll 36 to positively force the lay rearwardly. This positive actuation is made necessary by the stiff heavy warp which has a strong tendency to bind in the reed.

With the lay in its rearmost position the intermittent pinion is given a complete revolution thus moving the gear 25 first to its left hand position thereby carrying the plungers through the shed to again engage the shuttles and thereafter withdrawing the plungers with the shuttles, thus returning the latter to their initial position.

The lay is then again moved forward to beat in the filling through the engagement of the roll 34 with the projecting portion 35 of the cam 35, the lay being thereafter immediately returned to rearward position as the roll 3A is forced into engagement with a second concentric portion 35 of the cam 35. At the commencement of this rearward stroke the second projection upon the cam 37 engages the cam roll 36 to positively start the rearward movement of the lay.

During the last described forward and rearward movement of the lay, theharnesses are again shifted to change the remaining binder warps and also the pile warps to the opposite shed. The parts are then in their original positions, with the exception of the interchange of warp threads, and the cycle of operation may be repeated.

The difficulty in forming the seivage is occasioned very largely by the pile warps which are much heavier and stifi'er than the binder and selvage warps. By beating up the filling and plungers together and thereafter tightening the filling, we secure a satisfactory selvage on one edge of the mat fabric.

As the pile warps are not crossed while the shuttles are in the left hand boxes, the pick of filling inserted as the shuttles are returned to the right hand boxes is easily beaten in against the few binder and selvage warps which have changed shed. Thus a good selvage is assured on the second edge of the fabric.

By the use of the modified construction shown in Figs. 9 and 10, we are able to simplify the weave by providing an additional pair of plungers 17 O at the left-hand side of the loom and by duplicating certain parts of the actuating mechanism for the plungers. While this modification increases the number of operating parts, it avoids the idle movement of the plungers in passing back through the warp to make connection with the shuttles when they are at the left.

hand side of the loom, and it produces the plain double fabric shown in Fig. 11. The construction and operation of this form of our invention will be clearly apparent, as the additional mechanism substantially duplicates that already described.

The actuating mechanism for the additional plungers 170 comprises a head 180 slidably mounted on the lay 120 and connected to a flexible driving member or chain 200 supported on suitable guide pulleys and positively driven by the pulley 220. The pulley 220 is provided wlth a pinion 24:0 meshing with a segment gear 250.

Anintermittent gear 430 is mounted on the shaft 42, the driving mechanism for said gear being the same as that previously described for the gear 43. The gear 430 meshes with an intermittent pinion 4A0 mounted on a fixed stud 450 and having a crank arm 460 with a crank pin 4:70 which is connected to the segment gear 250 by a link or rod 480. The stud 450 for the pinion 440 is diametrically opposite the stud $5 on which the pinion 4A rotates.

The cams 35 and 37 in Figs. 2 and 3 are replaced by cams 350 and 370 shown in Fig. 10, in which the opposed halves of each cam are duplicates. The remaining parts of the loom are substantially identical with those already described with the exception that the plungers 17 and 170 merely enter recesses in the ends of the shuttles, but are not latched therein, as each plunger is used merely to push its shuttle to the opposite side and is not used to move the shuttle or its return flight.

We will now describe the operation of this form of our invention. Starting with the shuttles at the right side of the loom, as shown in Fig. 9', the pinion AA- is partially rotated, acting through the segment gear 25, pinion 24, pulley 22 and chain 20 to force the shuttles across the loom to the position shown in dotted lines on the left-hand side of the loom. A dwell portion of the gear 430 then holds the plungers in this position while the lay is forced forward by engagement of the roll 34, with the projection 350 of the cam 350, partially beatlng up the filling and the plungers 17. The lay is then slightly withdrawn, as the concentric portion 350 of the cam 350 engages the roll 34, and at the same time the revolution of the pinion 44: is completed. This movement of the pinion first completes the advance of the plungers 17 and places the shuttles fully in the left-hand shuttle boxes, and then withdraws the plungers. The engagement of the roll 34 by the projection 350 of the cam 350 then moves the lay to'its extreme forward position, thus beating up the inserted filling. The lay then moves rearward under the combined action of the springs 38 and the cam 370. All warps are then shifted, and the intermittent gear 430 next engages the gear 440, repeating the operations above outlined with the plungers 170 forcing the shuttles to the right-hand side of the loom but short of their final position, partially beating u the filling together with the plungers 170, t ereafter boxing the shuttles and withdrawing the plungers, and then beating up the filling to its final position. The cycle of operation is thus completed and the parts are returned to their first osition.

The use 0 two sets of plungers' enables us to partiall beat up each pick of filling and to therea ter tighten the filling before it is finally beaten up, thus giving us a satisfactory selvage on both edges without the idle return shot of filling.

Having thus described our invention it will beevident that other changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope thereof as set forth in the claims and we d@ not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what we do claim is 1. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a positively operated shuttle mounted on said lay, means to move the shuttle to insert a pick of filling in the shed, means to advancethe lay to partially beat up the inserted filling, means to move the shuttle to tighten the inserted pick of filling, and means to thereafter move the lay to fully beat up said filling. v

2. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a shuttle, a plunger for positively moving "said shuttle, and operating mechanism for moving said plunger and lay, said mechanism being effective to cause said lay to beat up a pick of filling with said plun er in the warp shed and without change 91L shed, and to thereafter beat up the same pick with said plunger withdrawn, at substantially the same time changing certain of the warp threads from one shed to the other.

3. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a positively-operated shuttle mounted on said lay, meansto move said shuttle to a predetermined intermediate position beyond the selvage, in which position said shuttle temporarily remains, means to beat up the filling without changing the warp shed while the shuttle is in such intermediate position, means to thereafter move said shuttle to extreme position, and means to beat up the same filling a second time.

4. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a positively-operated shuttle mounted on said lay, means to move said shuttle to a predetermined intermediate position beyond the selvage, means to thereupon beat up the filling without changing the warp shed, means to move said shuttle to extreme position, and means to beat up the same filling a second time, said shuttle-moving means comprising an intermittent pinion and a continuously rotating intermittent ear meshing therewith, said gear giving said pinion a positive, irregular cycle of operation.

5. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a positively-operated shuttle mounted on said lay, means to move said shuttle to a predetermined intermediate position beyond the selvage, means to thereupon beat up the filling without changing the warp shed, means to move said shuttle to extreme position, and means to beat up the same filling a second time, and on the same heat to change certain of the warp threads from one shed to the other.

6. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a positively-operated shuttle, means to move the shuttle, and means to move the lay to beat up the filling, said means being effective to cause alternate picks of filling to be beaten up twice in succession and to cause the remaining picks of filling to be beaten up once only.

7. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a shuttle, means to move said shuttle positively, means to give the lay a partial and a complete forward movement successively after the insertion of each alternate pick of filling only, and means to beat up the intervening picks of filling with a single advance movement of the lay.

8. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a pair of shuttles mounted on said lay, a plurality of harnesses carrying binder, selvage, and

pile warps, means to positively move said shuttles to an intermediate position beyond the selvage, means to move said lay to beat up the filling with the shuttles in intermediate position and without change of warp shed, means to move said shuttles to extreme position, means to thereupon move said lay to other,vmeans to return said shuttle to initial position, and means to thereupon move said lay;t beat. up the filling last lnserted and on thelatter beattol change the pile warps and the remaining binder and selvage warps from one shed to the other.

9. In a l'oo'm, in combination, a lay, a

shuttle, means to move the shuttle, means to give the lay a partial and a complete .forward movement successively after-T the insertion of a pick filling in the shed, and means to tension the inserted filling between said movements, said lay-actuating means including two continuously rotating cams each provided with a plurality of successive operativ projections, one cam bein efi'ective to move said lay positively in t e for ward direction and the other cam to move the lay positively in the rearward direction.

10. In a loom, in combination, a lay, a shuttle, means to move the shuttle, and means to give the lay a partial and a complete forward movement successively after the insertion of a pick of filling in the shed, said means including two continuously rotating cams each provided with a plurality of successive operative projections, one cam being efi'ective to move said lay positively in the forward direction and the'other cam to move the lay positively in the rearward direction, and tension devices also ettective to move said lay rearwardly.

11. The method of Weaving which consists in inserting a pick of filling in a warp shed, beating u said filling without changing the shed, app ying tension to said filling in the direction in which it was inserted to ti hten said filling in the shed, and thereafter eating up said filling a second time and on the same beat changing certain of the Warp threads to the other shed.

12. The method of weaving which consists in inserting a pick filling in a warp shed by forcing a shuttle through said shed by means of a plunger, beating up said pick of filling together with the plunger by which it was inserted Without change of warp shed, giving the shuttle an additional move ment in the same direction to tighten the filling, Withdrawing said plunger and thereafter beating up said filling a second time with the plunger removed from the shed and on the same beat changing certain of the warp threads to the opposite shed.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto affixed our signatures.

GEORGE F. HUTCHINS. HECTOR LE 'DOUX. 

